Cat Verbal / English section

Day 19

ISMS:

Here are 234 different isms, each representing a philosophical, political or moral doctrine  or a belief system. In selecting terms for the list. These isms are useful for reading comprehension in philosophy. If you know the meaning of these words it will be relatively easy to crack the philosophical based reading comprehension. 

Word	Definition
absolutism	doctrine of government by a single absolute ruler; autocracy
absurdism	doctrine that we live in an irrational universe
academicism	doctrine that nothing can be known
accidentalism	theory that events do not have causes
acosmism	disbelief in existence of eternal universe distinct from God
adamitism	nakedness for religious reasons
adevism	denial of gods of mythology and legend
adiaphorism	doctrine of theological indifference or latitudinarianism
adoptionism	belief that Christ was the adopted and not natural son of God
aestheticism	doctrine that beauty is central to other moral principles
agapism	ethics of love
agathism	belief in ultimate triumph of good despite evil means
agnosticism	doctrine that we can know nothing beyond material phenomena
anarchism	doctrine that all governments should be abolished
animism	attribution of soul to inanimate objects
annihilationism	doctrine that the wicked are utterly destroyed after death
anthropomorphism	attribution of human qualities to non-human things
anthropotheism	belief that gods are only deified men
antidisestablishmentarianism	doctrine opposed to removing Church of England's official religion status
antilapsarianism	denial of doctrine of the fall of humanity
antinomianism	doctrine of the rejection of moral law
antipedobaptism	denial of validity of infant baptism
apocalypticism	doctrine of the imminent end of the world
asceticism	doctrine that self-denial of the body permits spiritual enlightenment
aspheterism	denial of the right to private property
atheism	belief that there is no God
atomism	belief that the universe consists of small indivisible particles
autosoterism	belief that one can obtain salvation through oneself
autotheism	belief that one is God incarnate or that one is Christ
bitheism	belief in two gods
bonism	the doctrine that the world is good but not perfect
bullionism	belief in the importance of metallic currency in economics
capitalism	doctrine that private ownership and free markets should govern economies
casualism	the belief that chance governs all things
catabaptism	belief in the wrongness of infant baptism
catastrophism	belief in rapid geological and biological change
collectivism	doctrine of communal control of means of production
collegialism	theory that church is independent from the state
conceptualism	theory that universal truths exist as mental concepts
conservatism	belief in maintaining political and social traditions
constructivism	belief that knowledge and reality do not have an objective value
cosmism	belief that the cosmos is a self-existing whole
cosmotheism	the belief that identifies God with the cosmos
deism	belief in God but rejection of religion
determinism	doctrine that events are predetermined by preceding events or laws
diphysitism	belief in the dual nature of Christ
ditheism	belief in two equal gods, one good and one evil
ditheletism	doctrine that Christ had two wills
dualism	doctrine that the universe is controlled by one good and one evil force
egalitarianism	belief that humans ought to be equal in rights and privileges
egoism	doctrine that the pursuit of self-interest is the highest good
egotheism	identification of oneself with God
eidolism	belief in ghosts
emotivism	theory that moral statements are inherently biased
empiricism
entryism	doctrine of joining a group to change its policies
epiphenomenalism	doctrine that mental processes are epiphenomena of brain activity
eternalism	the belief that matter has existed eternally
eudaemonism	ethical belief that happiness equals morality
euhemerism	explanation of mythology as growing out of history
existentialism	doctrine of individual human responsibility in an unfathomable universe
experientialism	doctrine that knowledge comes from experience
fallibilism	the doctrine that empirical knowledge is uncertain
fatalism	doctrine that events are fixed and humans are powerless
fideism	doctrine that knowledge depends on faith over reason
finalism	belief that an end has or can be reached
fortuitism	belief in evolution by chance variation
functionalism	doctrine emphasising utility and function
geocentrism	belief that Earth is the centre of the universe
gnosticism	belief that freedom derives solely from knowledge
gradualism	belief that things proceed by degrees
gymnobiblism	belief that the Bible can be presented to unlearned without commentary
hedonism	belief that pleasure is the highest good
henism	doctrine that there is only one kind of existence
henotheism	belief in one tribal god, but not as the only god
historicism	belief that all phenomena are historically determined
holism	doctrine that parts of any thing must be understood in relation to the whole
holobaptism	belief in baptism with total immersion in water
humanism	belief that human interests and mind are paramount
humanitarianism	doctrine that the highest moral obligation is to improve human welfare
hylicism	materialism
hylomorphism	belief that matter is cause of the universe
hylopathism	belief in ability of matter to affect the spiritual world
hylotheism	belief that the universe is purely material
hylozoism	doctrine that all matter is endowed with life
idealism	belief that our experiences of the world consist of ideas
identism	doctrine that objective and subjective, or matter and mind, are identical
ignorantism	doctrine that ignorance is a favourable thing
illuminism	belief in an inward spiritual light
illusionism	belief that the external world is philosophy
imagism	doctrine of use of precise images with unrestricted subject
immanentism	belief in an immanent or permanent god
immaterialism	the doctrine that there is no material substance
immoralism	rejection of morality
indifferentism	the belief that all religions are equally valid
individualism	belief that individual interests and rights are paramount
instrumentalism	doctrine that ideas are instruments of action
intellectualism	belief that all knowledge is derived from reason
interactionism	belief that mind and body act on each other
introspectionism	doctrine that knowledge of mind must derive from introspection
intuitionism	belief that the perception of truth is by intuition
irreligionism	system of belief that is hostile to religions
kathenotheism	polytheism in which each god is considered single and supreme
kenotism	doctrine that Christ rid himself of divinity in becoming human
laicism	doctrine of opposition to clergy and priests
latitudinarianism	doctrine of broad liberality in religious belief and conduct
laxism	belief that an unlikely opinion may be safely followed
legalism	belief that salvation depends on strict adherence to the law
liberalism	doctrine of social change and tolerance
libertarianism	doctrine that personal liberty is the highest value
malism	the belief that the world is evil
materialism	belief that matter is the only extant substance
mechanism	belief that life is explainable by mechanical forces
meliorism	the belief the world tends to become better
mentalism	belief that the world can be explained as aspect of the mind
messianism	belief in a single messiah or saviour
millenarianism	belief that an ideal society will be produced in the near future
modalism	belief in unity of Father, Son and Holy Spirit
monadism	theory that there exist ultimate units of being
monergism	theory that the Holy Spirit alone can act
monism	belief that all things can be placed in one category
monophysitism	belief that Christ was primarily divine but in human form
monopsychism	belief that individuals have a single eternal soul
monotheism	belief in only one God
monotheletism	belief that Christ had only one will
mortalism	belief that the soul is mortal
mutualism	belief in mutual dependence of society and the individual
nativism	belief that the mind possesses inborn thoughts
naturalism	belief that the world can be explained in terms of natural forces
necessarianism	theory that actions are determined by prior history; fatalism
neonomianism	theory that the gospel abrogates earlier moral codes
neovitalism	theory that total material explanation is impossible
nihilism	denial of all reality; extreme scepticism
nominalism	doctrine that naming of things defines reality
nomism	view that moral conduct consists in observance of laws
noumenalism	belief in existence of noumena
nullibilism	denial that the soul exists in space
numenism	belief in local deities or spirits
objectivism	doctrine that all reality is objective
omnism	belief in all religions
optimism	doctrine that we live in the best of all possible worlds
organicism	conception of life or society as an organism
paedobaptism	doctrine of infant baptism
panaesthetism	theory that consciousness may inhere generally in matter
pancosmism	theory that the material universe is all that exists
panegoism	solipsism
panentheism	belief that world is part but not all of God’s being
panpsychism	theory that all nature has a psychic side
pansexualism	theory that all thought derived from sexual instinct
panspermatism	belief in origin of life from extraterrestrial germs
pantheism	belief that the universe is God; belief in many gods
panzoism	belief that humans and animals share vital life energy
parallelism	belief that matter and mind don’t interact but relate
pejorism	severe pessimism
perfectibilism	doctrine that humans capable of becoming perfect
perfectionism	doctrine that moral perfection constitutes the highest value
personalism	doctrine that humans possess spiritual freedom
pessimism	doctrine that the universe is essentially evil
phenomenalism	belief that phenomena are the only realities
physicalism	belief that all phenomena reducible to verifiable assertions
physitheism	attribution of physical form and attributes to deities
pluralism	belief that reality consists of several kinds or entities
polytheism	belief in multiple deities
positivism	doctrine that that which is not observable is not knowable
pragmatism	doctrine emphasizing practical value of philosophy
predestinarianism	belief that what ever is to happen is already fixed
prescriptivism	belief that moral edicts are merely orders with no truth value
primitivism	doctrine that a simple and natural life is morally best
privatism	attitude of avoiding involvement in outside interests
probabiliorism	belief that when in doubt one must choose most likely answer
probabilism	belief that knowledge is always probable but never absolute
psilanthropism	denial of Christ's divinity
psychism	belief in universal soul
psychomorphism	doctrine that inanimate objects have human mentality
psychopannychism	belief souls sleep from death to resurrection
psychotheism	doctrine that God is a purely spiritual entity
pyrrhonism	total or radical skepticism
quietism	doctrine of enlightenment through mental tranquility
racism	belief that race is the primary determinant of human capacities
rationalism	belief that reason is the fundamental source of knowledge
realism	doctrine that objects of cognition are real
reductionism	belief that complex phenomena are reducible to simple ones
regalism	doctrine of the monarch's supremacy in church affairs
representationalism	doctrine that ideas rather than external objects are basis of knowledge
republicanism	belief that a republic is the best form of government
resistentialism	humorous theory that inanimate objects display malice towards humans
romanticism	belief in sentimental feeling in artistic expression
sacerdotalism	belief that priests are necessary mediators between God and mankind
sacramentarianism	belief that sacraments have unusual properties
scientism	belief that the methods of science are universally applicable
self-determinism	doctrine that the actions of a self are determined by itself
sensationalism	belief that ideas originate solely in sensation
siderism	belief that the stars influence human affairs
skepticism	doctrine that true knowledge is always uncertain
socialism	doctrine of centralized state control of wealth and property
solarism	excessive use of solar myths in explaining mythology
solifidianism	doctrine that faith alone will ensure salvation
solipsism	theory that self-existence is the only certainty
somatism	materialism
spatialism	doctrine that matter has only spatial, temporal and causal properties
spiritualism	belief that nothing is real except the soul or spirit
stercoranism	belief that the consecrated Eucharist is digested and evacuated
stoicism	belief in indifference to pleasure or pain
subjectivism	doctrine that all knowledge is subjective
substantialism	belief that there is a real existence underlying phenomena
syndicalism	doctrine of direct worker control of capital
synergism	belief that human will and divine spirit cooperate in salvation
terminism	doctrine that there is a time limit for repentance
thanatism	belief that the soul dies with the body
theism	belief in the existence of God without special revelation
theocentrism	belief that God is central fact of existence
theopantism	belief that God is the only reality
theopsychism	belief that the soul is of a divine nature
thnetopsychism	belief that the soul dies with the body, to be reborn on day of judgement
titanism	spirit of revolt or defiance against social conventions
tolerationism	doctrine of toleration of religious differences
totemism	belief that a group has a special kinship with an object or animal
transcendentalism	theory that emphasizes that which transcends perception
transmigrationism	belief that soul passes into other body at death
trialism	doctrine that humans have three separate essences (body, soul, spirit)
tritheism	belief that the members of the Trinity are separate gods
triumphalism	belief in the superiority of one particular religious creed
tuism	theory that individuals have a second or other self
tutiorism	doctrine that one should take the safer moral course
tychism	theory that accepts role of pure chance
ubiquitarianism	belief that Christ is everywhere
undulationism	theory that light consists of waves
universalism	belief in universal salvation
utilitarianism	belief that utility of actions determines moral value
vitalism	the doctrine that there is a vital force behind life
voluntarism	belief that the will dominates the intellect
zoism	doctrine that life originates from a single vital principle
zoomorphism	conception of a god or man in animal form
zootheism	attribution of divine qualities to animals

I hope you have found this list helpful.